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The martyrdom

The martyrdom

Guru Ji refused both conversion and a miracle and was publicly martyred.

Well attested11 November 1675Chandni Chowk, Delhi1 min read
Old photograph of Gurdwara Sis Ganj Sahib, Chandni Chowk
Gurdwara Sis Ganj Sahib on Delhi's Chandni Chowk about 1913-1916, with a tram line in front. The source is a social media post.Unknown, c. 1913-1916. Public domain. Source

The sources tell this plainly. Guru Ji was brought to Delhi, the Encyclopaedia says in an iron cage, and put in chains, with torture ordered until Guru Ji accepted Islam. Neither pain nor reward had any effect. Then came a demand for a miracle to prove the mission. Guru Ji refused, holding that no one should try to interfere with the Will of God.

Fresco of the martyrdom of Bhai Dayala and Bhai Mati Das
A later fresco at Gurdwara Baba Bakala showing the martyrdom of Bhai Dayala and Bhai Mati Das in the presence of Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji. Credited on Commons to Jaimal Singh Naqqash and Mehtab Singh. Source

On 11 November 1675 Guru Ji was publicly martyred in Chandni Chowk. The Bachitra Natak, in the words of the son, says Guru Ji gave a head but no cry of pain, and gave a head but would not put on a display of powers.

How do we know?

A close source supports this story, and a second independent source agrees.

The Bachitra Natak confirms the fact and its meaning for the son. The specific date, iron cage and exchange with the emperor come from later accounts. Mughal records were not read for this page.

  • From the timeSays the son praised the sacrifice for the marks of Hindu faith as unmatched in the Kali age.[EoS]
  • ScholarshipGives the arrival in Delhi on 4 November, the demand for conversion or a miracle, and the beheading on 11 November 1675.[EoS]
  • Later traditionGives the afternoon of Thursday, the fifth of the light half of Maghar, Sambat 1732, as the time of execution. (p. 387)[Macauliffe]
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"The martyrdom". Sikh History: lives of the Gurus. https://sikh-history.co.uk/stories/guru-tegh-bahadur-the-martyrdom/